Six Sigma Black Belt Certified Practice Exam

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What is the correct formula for DPMO?

D/TOP
DPO× 1,000,000
D×U×OP
DPU/DPO

The correct answer is: DPO× 1,000,000

The formula for DPMO, or Defects Per Million Opportunities, is derived from the relationship between Defects Per Opportunity (DPO) and the scale of measurement. Specifically, DPMO quantifies how many defects occur in a million opportunities, allowing organizations to accurately assess performance at a large scale. To arrive at DPMO, one first determines the DPO, which is calculated by dividing the number of defects by the total number of opportunities. Once DPO is determined, to express it in terms of a million opportunities, it is multiplied by 1,000,000. This scaling allows for a standardized measure that is widely understood and used in quality management, making it easier for organizations to compare and track defects across different processes or products. Therefore, multiplying DPO by 1,000,000 effectively translates the defect rate into the broader context of a million opportunities, which is crucial for benchmarking and process improvement efforts in Six Sigma methodologies.